The drawbacks of using solar power as a sourse of energy

Using solar energy to generate electricity is one of the greatest achievements of mankind.It is known that solar power is one of the cleanest methods of energy production as solar panels simply convert the energy of the sun into energy humans can use.Despite all this advantages,the use of solar power can sometimes have unforeseen disadvantages that might make solar panels useless.

Firstly,there is the cost of the equipment.Solar panels are not cheap,because they are made up of fragile materials.As a result,they must constantly be maintained and often replaced.So,we have touched on a second disadvantage.Which is that when the solar panels break down,you can not just call the power company.You need experienced energy technicians,whose services are quite expensive or you must be a handyman yourself.

Thirdly,is the location:where solar panels are installed.Wet climates will corrode the external metal parts of the equipment,and exposure to cold temperatures reduces the battery life.Also,hail can damage the glass parts of solar system.Moreover pollution and clouds can reduce the efficiency of photovoltaic panels.In addition,during the night your expensive solar equipment will be useless,which is very important for countries with the dominance of night hours.

Fourthly,finding space for both batteries and solar panels can be disadvantage,especially in those areas where space is short or expensive because the single panels are not adequate power producer on their own.

Lastly,you must consider proper disposal of the panels and the batteries when they are broken or at the end of their life,because they contain very toxic materials such as lead and sulfuric acid.

To sum up,the disadvantages of solar panels that I mentioned above are decreasing with advances in technology.But who knows,how soon everyone could afford to obtain a personal solar panel.

How far do you think mental work replace physical work in the next 20 years?

Technological advance has changed our life,our pace of life and even our altitude to work.For the last century physical work slowly but surely has been disappearing ,while mental work gradually is reaching a peak.

Now it is difficult to imagine the worker digging with shovel or the farmer sowing seeds by hand.Robots and machines are replacing man in factories and plants.Computer programmes and software are reducing the number of the workers in banks ,shops ,different agencies and service-providing firms.Clearly,two main reasons for this are to prevent workers from injuries or even sometimes to save their lives in highly dangerous situations in productions as well as to reduce labour costs.Despite the fact that the physical work is really exhausting ,it is very often low-paid.So ,it is not a surprise,that almost all parents endeavour to provide all possibilities for their child to get higher education.Moreover ,due to an increase in the number of educational facilities and career opportunities ,people are attracted to mental work.In addition,opportunities such as getting education on-line in a short time have become more accessible to more people.We can get a degree easily enough just sitting at a computer.

Nowadays,having such modern technology people are able to work without leading their homes.Having only access to the Internet,they are capable of communicating with the entire world.Current technology has evolved greatly allowing investigators to catch criminals quickly as tracking devices are imbedded in every phone.

In conclusion,technology may replace all physical jobs allowing mental work to take over.I reckon ,in the future the human brain will create machines which will perform all physical work currently curried out by human kind.In my opinion,it is quite possible that people’s wishes and technological development may lead to the complete elimination of physical work.

Weak sex

The idea of this expression came from ancient times,when clearly-defined role division existed.The men were the bread winners and the women were keepers of hearth but didn’t have any rights in social life.

This stereotype of gents at work and ladies staying at home is pretty common in Ukraine.A lot of girls get higher education with the belief that it will never be necessary,as they going to be housewives after their weddings.In turn this unemployment means a heavier dependence on their husbands that can be considered a weakness.According to another opinion ,men are stronger and hardier than women physically and that causes division between weak and strong sexes.My next point is that the women talk about feelings and relations more often.This is believed to be a display of weakness.

In my opinion ,women want to be the weaker sex themselves.Probably it is easiest way to control and regulate the mind of men.That is why,they frequently say about necessity in a strong shoulder to lean on.But it is well known that in comparison to the male ,the female is more energetic and can multi-task.

Road transport in European countries

The bar charts below give information on road transport in a number of European countries.

These 3 bar charts show the overall amount of kilometers per year traveled per person using different types of transport and commuting time per day in 6 European countries.

When we compare the figures for kilometers traveled behind the wheel we can see that they are almost the same for each country about 10,000 kilometers, with the highest in Denmark and the lowest in Spain, 12,000 and 9,000 kilometers respectively.However,it is surprising to note that the amount of travel by bus,tram,metro and bike remains the most for Denmark and exceeds 3,000 kilometers per year,whereas in Italy,the next in line ,almost halves,and other countries are times less.

When we compare commuting times we can see that the amount of time spent by German and British commuting is nearly equal,at about 45 minutes,whereas the UK average time is less then 40 minutes.And the shortest time is spent by Italians and it only slightly exceeds 20 minutes.

To sum up,the most kilometers are traveled in Denmark on all types of transport,while the most time is spent commuting in Germany and UK.

UK residents abroad

The charts below give information about travel to and from the UK, and about the most popular countries for UK residents to visit.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features,and make comparisons where relevant.

The charts show overall numbers of visits abroad by UK residents and visits to the UK by overseas inhabitants over a 20-year period , with additional data showing the most popular countries visited by UK citizens in 1999.

According to the charts ,in 1979 the numbers of UK residents visiting abroad and foreigners who visited the UK were almost the same, about 10-11 million.Whereas after 20 years the difference was significant , the number of visits abroad was twice as much as that of overseas visitors, 52 and 26 million respectively.However , from 1979 to 1985 they both increased slightly , but for the next period ,from 1985 the first has increased sharply and the second has continued to rise steadily.

When we compare the number of UK people ,who went overseas in 1999,we can see that the most popular countries were Spain and France,at 9 and 11 million visitors respectively.And the least popular was Turkey,with a figure 4 times less then that of Spain.It is surprising to note that the number of people who visited the UK was just about 4 million.

To sum up,these charts illustrate the rises in the number of people traveling to and from the UK and the popularity of west european countries,the closest to the UK ,for UK residents to visit.

Japanese tourists traveling abroad

The charts below show the number of Japanese tourists traveling abroad between 1985 and 1995 and Australia’s share of the tourist market.

These charts illustrate the quantity of Japanese tourists traveling abroad over 10 years period and the percentage of Japanese tourists coming to Australia for the same period.

The number traveling abroad Japanese increased steadily from 5 million to 15 million over the described period .However the was a slight fall in 1991.From 1985 to 1995 the percentage coming to Australia went up slowly as well,but it exceeded a maximum 6% in 1993 and had slightly decreased by 1995.Over the 10-year period ,we can see a sharp decline in 1989 by 0.5% ,while in 1988 the percentage of Japanese coming to Australia almost reached 5%.But at the same time the number of Japanese tourists traveling abroad continued steadily.

To sum up ,the percentage of Japanese tourists traveling abroad and the percentage of Japanese tourists coming to Australia increased overall.

Generate electricity from wave power

The diagrams show a structure that is used to generate electricity from wave power.
Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information.

These two diagrams show a construction that allows electricity to be generated from wave power.

The structure is usually built by the sea on the side of the cliff or sea wall and consist of three main parts : a large chamber ,a vertical column and a turbine. The bottom end of the chamber is open to the sea and lets water in.The upper end is connected to the column, which is closed on the top. The turbine is installed inside the column and enables the generation of the electricity in two phases.

The first diagram shows how a wave comes into the chamber and push air in front of it in to the column.This current of air causes the turbine to turn ,hence electricity is generated.

The second diagram illustrates the next part of the process when wave retreats.The low water level decreases compression in the chamber ,so the air is sucked out of the column and turns the turbine again.As a result ,electricity continues to be produced.

In conclusion,we can see that this structure is useful as electricity is generated in both phases : entering and retreating of water.